Effect of Stigma on Mental Health

Effect of Stigma on Mental Health From thousands of years, debate has been going on among practitioners how to treat mental illness. Several modifications have been done from burning, chaining, locking them in homes and drilling their heads to unchaining and treating them like humans (Foerschner, 2010). But the nurses who work in mental health setting still face the problems in delivering care in a stigma free environment in order to promote the health of mentally ill patients (Stuart, 2009). For such mentally ill clients we need to accept their behavior rather than stigmatization (Angermeyer Matschinger, 2003). Stigma is a â€Å"collection of negative attitudes, beliefs, thoughts, and behaviors that influence the individual, or the general public, to fear, reject, avoid, be prejudiced, and discriminate people† (Gary, 2005). The reason behind selection of this topic is that to accepting mentally ill patient with the intention of promoting their health. In West, stigma to mental illness is properly recognized, equally managed and prevented. Yet, in Eastern cultures, being mentally ill is still seen as a mark of dishonor for family, mental health patients are still stigmatized and socially isolated and supposed as being haunted by evil spirit or jinn (Naeem, Ayub, Javed, Irfan, Haral Kingdon, 2006). Additionally, mental health is considered to be the most avoided field in Pakistan due to the stigma attached to it (Qasim, 2012). Not so long I have being in psychiatric setting where we all were sitting in cafà © having our break together, suddenly a man in brown traditional clothes with leather jacket wearing black goggles ask one of our colleague if he want some tea? he answered â€Å"no†, that person sat on nearby table and ask waiter to bring one zinger burger. While noting his getup which was not according to weather and unusual behavior, my colleague abruptly ask our faculty â€Å"Ma’am is he mad or what? After hearing those words that patient suddenly pushes his chair and leaves the cafà ©.† This is how people unintentionally target psychiatric patient by hitting their self-esteem rather accepting them as a part of society and understand there awkward behavior as a part of their illness. In a society stigma marks a boundary between â€Å"normal† and â€Å"outsider,† and between â€Å"us† and â€Å"them† (Link Phelan, 2001). Question is how we can break this boundary of discrimination which is causing barrier to recovery of mentally ill clients? The case scenario will now be analyzed on a social cognitive model explains how public and self stigma are formed and maintained. There are 3 components that structure this model are: stereotype, prejudice, and discrimination. Social psychologists see stereotypes as information learned by society (Augoustinos, Ahrens, Innes, 1994; Esses, Haddock, Zanna, 1994; Hilton von Hippel, 1996; Judd Park, 1993; Krueger, 1996; Mullen, Rozell, Johnson, 1996). Without thinking we quickly create expectation and impression of people who fit in to a stereotyped group, (Hamilton Sherman, 1994) just like my colleague label that person as ‘mad’. Prejudice endorse people may show a negative reactions by supporting their learned negative stereotype. (Devine, 1988, 1989, 1995; Hilton von Hippel, 1996; Krueger, 1996). Prejudice may lead to discriminatory behavior (Weiner, 1995) just like my colleague discriminate that person as one who is not following societal norms and discriminate his behavior from normal to abnormal (for social cognitive model refer appendix fig 1.). Being stigmatized has several harmful effects on the individual, the immediate family and the community too. At first in the name of honor or embarrassment, the individual and family doesn’t reach the health care provider for treatment options. It also cause non-adherence to effective treatment regimen. Self stigma is another effect resulting in low self esteem, negative self perception and self care when a person internalizes the discriminatory behavior and societal stigmatizing attitude. Lastly stigma has also affects the attitude of health care provider. Study has shown that in hospital setting nurses display punishing attitude and use unacceptable manner for treating them, like unnecessarily retraining them (Pinto-Foltz Logsdon, 2009). To reduce stigma and discrimination against people with mental health disorders the largest ever program was launched in England on Jan 21, 2009, called Time to Change. By referring social cognitive model this program aims to show that change is possible that would bring hope to people who are deleteriously exhausted by discrimination (refer appendix fig 2.) (Henderson Thornicroft). A few procedures for stigma decrease are accounted in the literature. These interventions and techniques might be used at diverse levels: the intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational/institutional, group, and governmental/structural (McLeroy et al, 1988; Richard et al, 1996). Firstly, intrapersonal level has always remained a primary focus to change the behavior of an individual. Interventions are done to change the individual’s knowledge, behavior, attitude, self concept, enhancing self esteem, coping skills, strengthening, and financial support. We can carry out these interventions via indiv idual counseling or cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and Self help advocacy and support groups (Heijnders Van Der Meij, 2006). Secondly, intervention at interpersonal level deals with the impact of social gathering and social support on the health of mentally ill client. The interpersonal environment of the patient includes their family, friends and work environment. They intend to build connections between patient and his/her interpersonal environment in order to restore or promote their health. This could be carry out through Care and support by family, Home care teams, and Community-based rehabilitation (Heijnders Van Der Meij, 2006). Furthermore, the organizational level also being used in order to change the perception of public towards stigma and its effect on individual. This could be accomplished through training programs and institutional changes which increase knowledge of the disease and effect of stigma on the lives of mentally ill clients (Heijnders Van Der Meij, 2 006). Additionally stigma reduction can be intervene at community level whose aim is to increase knowledge about mental illness and stigma attached to it. For stigma reduction campaign, education is often used as a first step and it may combine with the other strategies as well. Educational interventions may include presentations, discussions, simulations, audiotapes, and movies, focusing specific populations (Heijnders Van Der Meij, 2006). Lastly, on governmental level work can be carried out in order to structure such policy which aims to protect the rights of the people who are suffering from stigmatizing illness (Heijnders Van Der Meij, 2006). The World Health Organization (WHO) argued that ‘policies on discrimination, access to prevention and care, confidentiality of care and individual’s rights can make a significant impact’ (2002). In Conclusion it is recommended that client’s dignity and safety should remain paramount at all times. To break the chain of stigma the social cognitive model should be vigilantly applied in psychiatric setting. Patient-centred approach is required, which starts with intrapersonal level, which gives power to affected person to development self esteem and stigma reduction related programs at other levels. â€Å"There is nothing either good or bad, but thinking makes it so† (Shakespeare, Hamlet, Act 2 Scene 2).

Advanced Technology Boon or Curse

CURRICULUM VITAE VANDANA KOLI E-MAIL:[email  protected] com CONTACT NO: 08816993499 Address: H. NO 1615 near gymkhana club Sector- 4, Rewari OBJECTIVE: To establish myself as a successful professional by executing my skills acquired from my academic qualifications, rich experience by personal approach to a given problem.Application of my talents and skills in the new atmosphere, with challenging outlook to gain the desired result in a given field. EDUCATION:- Professional Qualifications: Completed MBA in HR & Marketing from SITM Rewari (affiliated to MDU University Rohtak Haryana) Academic Qualifications: Completed Bachelor of Arts from M. D. University ( Rohtak) in 2010. Completed Senior Secondary from C. B. S. E in 2007. Completed Higher Secondary from C. B. S. E in 2005. KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED DURING JOB :- 1. Related essay: Internal Competition: A Curse for Team Performance?Develop interpersonal skill to interact with different kind of peoples. 2. Enhance knowledge . 3. A way of working . 4. How to work with team. AREA OF INTEREST: †¢ Interact with new people to share her views.. †¢ Internet surfing . PERSONAL SKILLS: †¢ Self Confidence & Willingness to Work. †¢ Good learner about new project or work. COMPUTER SKILLS: †¢ Basic Knowledge about computer †¢ Knowledge of MS Office and Internet. PERSONAL DETAILS: Father’s Name : Mr. Ranbir Singh Mother’s Name : Mrs. Sushila DeviDate of Birth : 9th March 1989 Sex : Female Nationality : Indian Marital Status : Single Languages Known : English, Hindi , Punjabi Permanent Address : H. NO. 1615 near gymkhana club Sector – 4, Rewari Pin No. -123401 Haryana DECLARATION: I, VANDANA KOLI Solemnly declare that the information given above are all true to the best of my Knowledge & believe. Place: REWARI Signature VANDANA KOLI

Gender Stereotyping in the Toy Industry - 775 Words

Gender stereotyping begins in a person’s life as early as infancy. Babies first encounter stereotyping when nurses put pink or blue wristbands around their hands: pink for girls and blue for boys. The stereotype continues throughout their childhood and life. Babies are normally dressed in their ‘gender-specific’ colour to reduce confusion about their sex and are expected to play with toys that are appropriate according to their gender. One of the most noticeable areas which cause stereotyping is the predominance of gender-labeling in children’s toys (Campenni 122). The gender stereotyping of colours in the toy industry has a negative effect on the economy in the long run by promoting certain gender roles and behaviors in children. The history of associating pink to girls and blue to boys has only been over fifty years old. Before the 1950s, pink was boys’ colour and blue was the colour for girls (Giudice 1321). Pink was considered a watered-down redà ¢â‚¬â€ a bold, fierce, colour of blood (Frassanito and Pettorini 881). Instead, blue was considered to be more â€Å"delicate and dainty, [which] is prettier for the girl† (qtd. in Frassanito and Pettorini 881). The current pink for girls and blue for boys began after World War II, when homosexuals were marked with pink triangles by the Nazi to signal weakness and effeminacy (Haeberle 284). After World War II, blue was used extensively in men’s uniform; pink was considered for women due to the ‘think pink’ feminism campaign (FrassanitoShow MoreRelatedNegative Effects Of Toys1004 Words   |  5 PagesResearch Paper Toys are a way for children to express themselves. Industries are categorizing children’s toys by gender, using colors and advertising products in a certain way, leading to gender stereotyping, which is putting the â€Å"boy and girl† labels on toys. â€Å"By the mid-1990s, however, gendered advertising had returned to 1950s-levels, and it continued to grow in the 2000s† (Robb). These rates have gone up over the years and continue to cause negative effects on children’s development. HoweverRead MoreGender Stereotyping Is A Pervasive Issue Across Different Countries And Cultures Essay1559 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction Gender Stereotypes are fixed assumptions about the traits of women and men, their capabilities, and how an individual should behave based on their gender. (Gender stereotype, n.d.alleydog.com) Gender stereotyping is a pervasive issue across different countries and cultures, whether acknowledged or not. The occurrence of stereotyping is usually based on the categorization of an individual as a member of a social group, the traits that are associated with this social groupRead MoreToys Are An Integral Part Of Our Childhood1671 Words   |  7 Pagesthem to conform to the assigned gender roles and stereotypes. This is mainly done in accordance to their choice of games and toys. Toys are an integral part of our childhood. In some ways, it is the one thing that people from all over the world share in common. As children, toys were a major source of our entertainment and social interaction. However, the booming population of children and the growth of toy industry has resulted in the commercialization of childhood. Toys have been an effective methodRead MoreThe Effects Of Gender Typing On The Toy Industry1192 Words   |  5 PagesEveryone can remember their favorite toys as a child. From Cabbage Patch Kids to Hot Wheels to Legos, one can reminisce fondly about sitting on the floor and playing with one of these. However, depending on sex, a specific child may have found themselves playing with specific toys. For girls, things like baby dolls, Barbies, or dress-up kits are quite popular. Boys can be found playing with action figures and Nerf guns. This is where a problem is to be seen. Toys for children have actually had a quiteRead MoreThe Gender Marketing Of Toys : Shaping The Way Americans Shop And Play Essay1623 Words   |  7 PagesThe Gender Marketing of Toys: Shaping the Way Americans Shop and Play In the article, â€Å"The Gender Marketing of Toys: An Analysis of Color and Type of Toy on the Disney Website† authors Carol Auster and Claire Mansbach examined gender marketing of Disney products on the Internet. The way toys are marketed to the public shapes the perception of whether it is appropriate for a particular child to play with a certain toy. The authors found it important to study Disney toys marketed on the Internet becauseRead MoreToys Should Not Be Gender Biased Essay1321 Words   |  6 Pagesinfluence of gender stereotypes and let the child discover how they want to represent themselves. A large divide between little boys and girls is shown in the toy industry. The retail chain Target recognized the influence of the gender bias toys and the impact they have on children and parents and began neutralizing labels within the toy department. Toys should not be gender biased because gender stereotyping has wavered back and forth over the past fifty years. Gender- biased toys can have an impactRead MoreEffect Of Society Over Gender And Sexual Identity Essay1256 Words   |  6 PagesEffect of Society over Gender and Sexual Identity When Alex was born, his parents were delighted to add another boy to their family. As their baby boy began to grow and develop, they noticed that Alex began to express himself in a manner that they viewed as more feminine than masculine. He gravitated toward dolls and other toys that the culture often associates with girls. Concerned with the social ramifications associated with their child trying to be transgendered, they made the decisionRead MoreWomen s Social And Mental Development1439 Words   |  6 Pagesprovide highly idolized characters, but creates unrealistic and falsified interpretation of what it mean to be a specific gender. As a result, it can be seen that today’s modern western pop cultural, has become globalized into an industry of gender roles in which has transformed mainstream television, commercial ads, movies and toys. Stereotypical traits have been assigned to each gender and has become a significant problematic concern among adults in raising child ren. With the significant rise for entertainmentRead MoreThe Negative Effect Of Stereotypes1613 Words   |  7 Pagesstereotypes and the negative effects they have on society. The subtopics that I have chosen to focus on are racial, gender, and group stereotypes. [PUT SOMETHING HERE] Racial stereotyping deals with the assumptions about a race as a whole without considering what each person is like individually. Gender stereotypes are assumptions made about a gender and the characteristics of that gender. Group stereotypes aim toward a particular group or clique of people. These are the most common types of stereotypesRead MoreEssay about Media Stereotyping of Men and Women770 Words   |  4 Pages After watching television and flipping though ads and articles in several magazines, the stereotyping of men and women is so apparent but at the same time society is so blind to it. In society parents teach their children gender roles at a very early age. Gender roles refers to the attitudes, behavior, and activities that are socially defined as appropriate for each sex learned through the socialization process. Males are traditionally expected to show aggressiveness and toughness, and females

Cell Phones And Its Effects On Our Lives - 938 Words

Over the past decade, we have integrated technology into many parts of out lives. We use our cell phones for everything from finding directions, to taking pictures of moments you do not want to forget. Everywhere you go, you cell phone goes with you, if you forget it at home, somehow we feel naked without it. Cell phones have become so powerful and useful for so many things other than just making phone calls; I do not even know why we still call them phones. With that, we have the right to feel secure and free from unwarranted searches though our cell phones and electronic devices. Cell phones and technology have increasingly become more ubiquitous and pervasive in human lives. Uses range from making phone calls to searching where the nearest hospital is. Mobile phones have become more like computers rather than a cell phone. You can find more about a person with their phone, than looking through their apartment. Cell phones have become a device that can hold a lot of informat ion about you that can be used against you in court. Similar to you house or where you live, you might own things that are against that law to own. Due to that, our founding fathers in the 18th century came up with the Bill of Rights. In that, the Fourth Amendment states that a person has the right to be secure in their persons, houses, papers and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures. The Supreme Court announced that they made a unanimous decision to declare smart phones andShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Cell Phones On Our Lives1053 Words   |  5 Pagesyears that improve our everyday lives. The wide use of cell phones has caused a remarkable impact on physical, and social aspects of our life. Cell phones impacts have contributed positively to our lives, but still others have influenced negatively on our life. With technology, the way we communicate has changed over the past year with our smart phones we can surf the internet, check our social media accounts, use GPS, and text and call our families and friends. The cell phones have made a significantRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effects On Our Lives1366 Words   |  6 Pagestechnology and increasing use of cell phones, a lot of studies are taking place. Even though cell phones today have been helpful with communicating with people far away, these cellular devices still are dangerous in many extravagant ways. Dangerous can mean many things when it comes to cell phones. Billions of people throughout the world are implementing cell phone use in their daily routines. Cell phones are becoming a prone addiction which causes us to not be so aware of our surroundings when using itRead MoreCell Phones Effect Our Lives977 Words   |  4 PagesHow Cell Phones Effect our Everyday Lives Once upon a time, cell phones did not exist. If you wanted to make a call you had to use a home phone or a pay phone, but cell phones are now common place in our everyday lives. Almost everyone has one, even children in elementary school have cell phones. So how does having such easy access to a cell phone effect our everyday lives? The positive effects of cell phones are easy to see, as cell phones can be convenient and used as a life line in an emergencyRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effect On Our Lives1612 Words   |  7 PagesFollowing the time when the mid 1980s, phones have been rapidly moving their route into our commonplace lives, particularly with the presentation of cam telephones in the early part of the new thousand years. As cells develop they have more of an effect on our commonplace lives and I need to exactly how much they are affecting. Similarly as with new engineering in whatever other structure, phones have changed enormously over their generally short life com passes. As these progressions happen, soRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effects On Our Lives862 Words   |  4 Pageshouse without theirs. The answer to this riddle? Cell phones. Children and adults alike are partaking in the growing addiction to their mobile devices. Can we blame them though? The sheer amount of uses, features, along with other various gizmos that come along with a cell phone are enough to make not having one a handicap on most people. Schools, websites, work places, all are integrating cell phone use into their everyday tasks. Downsides to cell phones do exist, but the benefits of having one farRead MoreThe Effects Of Cell Phones On Our Lives2011 Words   |  9 PagesDue to increasing technological innovations, many people are gradually trapping themselves in the web of cell phones. Even with primary laws in effect, drivers are tempted to text and drive on the road, and it has only brought grave consequences. According to the United States Department of Transportat ion, â€Å"It is estimated that drivers who text while on the road contribute to at least 100,000 collisions each year (qt. in Northwest drivers Admit). Besides causing careless accidents, intexicated driversRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effects On Our Lives924 Words   |  4 PagesCellular Distractions Can Wait. Cell phones, otherwise known as smart phones by today’s standards, are an immense help to most Americans in many ways. We use our cell phones daily for communication with friends and family through texting and phone calls, scheduling appointment, or social media. However, the convenience of smart phones is being abused daily in several ways that can lead to severe impacts with the distractions they cause. The advancement of cell phone technology in the last decadeRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effects On Our Lives Essay1222 Words   |  5 PagesGone are the days when cell telephones were considered as extravagance thing to have with. The developing rivalry in portable makers has brought down the costs of cellular telephones to that degree that these days, purchasing a cell telephone is not a major ordeal. Simply spend a couple bucks and you are pleased proprietor of a cell telephone. In today s opportunity, it s elusive a man who does not possess a cellular telephone. The little contraption is an essential need of life. In any case, whyRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effect On Our Lives894 Words   |  4 Pages The first cell phone that was build in a car the reason why it was because it was too big to carry around in your pockets. Buying a phone in 1980 were very expensive, not everyone can afford a phone for themselves. Cell phones back in the day would cost just about over a couple thousand of dollars. The mobile devices that were made in that time was only for phone calls without any caller ID s to tell who s calling you. .Cell phones have been producing a lot better over these few years. BackRead MoreCell Phones And Its Effect On Our Lives934 Words   |  4 Pagesanother being exist, especially in our generation. This seems to be not a problem at moment, but with advancement of technology and new ways of meeting people digitally is seems people feel it’s appropriate to constantly be on their mobile devices without any consequences or surroundings. With Mobile device and other forms of wireless communication also effecting on distracting driving. The use of cell phones pose a risk for society in many ways involving cell phone conversations and texting or instant

Morals and Ethics - 1023 Words

Morals and Ethics in Society Kalob Lisk Rasmussen College Author Note This paper is being submitted on July 14, 2016, for Thomas Santangelo’s B406 Business Law and Ethical Behavior course. Morals and Ethics in Society Morals and ethics in society play major roles in our lives and our work environments and I am more than happy to write this research paper to help explain the similarities and its key differences. And this research paper will also include where both morals and ethics derived from and what can cause both of these. How can ethics or morals affect the work atmosphere and even outside of work. And with ethics and morals the key difference is that ethics comes from the social system and can be an external†¦show more content†¦One has morality before they make ethical decisions and their morality is usually based upon the culture and belief system they we’re raised in. Although morals can change with age and current events that happen during the span of one’s life. An example I can think of is that I was raised Christian my whole life and firmly believed that all drugs were bad and with the current sweep of the medical marijuana industry and all the help I’ve seen it do for people it has swayed my moral compass just a little. References Diffen. (2016). Ethics vs. Morals [Ethics vs. Morals]. Retrieved April 17, 2016, from Diffen website: http://www.diffen.com/difference/Ethics_vs_Morals Ethics can be linked to the Greek word ethos meaning character â€Å"A person strictly following ethical principles may not have any morals at all. Likewise, one could violate ethical principles within a given system of rules in order to maintain moral integrity† the Latin word â€Å"mos† meaning â€Å"custom† Grammarist. (2014). Ethics vs. Morals [Ethics vs. Morals]. â€Å"Ethics are the science of morals, and morals are the practice of ethics† Hubpages. (2006, July 6). What is The Difference Between Ethics and Morals? [What is The Difference Between Ethics and Morals?]. Retrieved April 17, 2016, from Hubpages website: http://hubpages.com/politics/What-is-The-Difference-Between-Ethics-and-Morals Morality deals more with someone dealing with good or evil and ethics is more choosing between right andShow MoreRelatedMorals Vs. Ethics : Morals And Ethics Essay1374 Words   |  6 PagesMorals vs. Ethics Morals and ethics are often thought of as interchangeable terms, and both can be applied in various situations. Morals are ultimately the â€Å"groundwork† for ethics. However, the two nouns have a distinct meaning. Morals are internal principles that a person focuses upon when deciding between right or wrong conduct. A person’s true character can be revealed by understanding that said person’s morals. Ethics are a set of rules or rules of conduct that a person follows due to socialRead MoreEthics : Morals And Ethics1626 Words   |  7 PagesHuff General Psychology September 19, 2015 Morals and Ethics What are morals and ethics? In reality these two words can mean many different things to many different people. Definitively, morals are â€Å"concerning or relating to what is right and wrong in human behavior† (Merriam-Webster.com). This is where it becomes complicated, because establishing what is really right and wrong and getting rid of the grey areas in an imperfect world is impossible. Ethics are â€Å"rules of behavior based on ideas aboutRead MoreThe Ethics Of Morals And Ethics942 Words   |  4 Pagescomes to no surprise that morals and ethics are an important concept in our daily lives. However despite being taught about things that are moral or ethical even from a young age they still have a large importance. Ethics as explained previously explained are a set of principles to better guide human behavior. Morals also function similarly. Morals assume that human nature has an affinity for good rather than evil and injustice. Combining these two principles moral s and ethics make sure we make moreRead MoreMoral Ethics1041 Words   |  5 Pagesdimensions. Each organization’s culture is unique to it and it governs the acceptable and unacceptable behaviors of its members (Turner, 1998). In dealing with criminal justice ethics, organizational culture may influence the level at which ethics would be applied. Additionally, when handling matters of police misconduct, ethics are likely to be compromised. This assertion is due to some organizational cultural practices practiced by most police departments. For instance, when dealing with misconductRead MoreEthics, Moral, And Moral Theory927 Words   |  4 Pagesis the aim of moral (ethical) theory that you learned from the reading? Elaborate on this by explaining how you think that having a clearer understanding of ethics can affect your life. The purpose and aim for moral theory has to do with the desire to have some method to follow when we reason about what is morally right and wrong. In other words, the main aim of moral theory is to discover a decision procedure that can be used to guide correct moral reasoning about matters of moral concern (3 Timmons)Read MoreWhat Is Ethics? Ethics Or Morals?2293 Words   |  10 PagesWhat is ethics? Ethics or morals are rules for distinguish between right and wrong, a code of professional conduct that distinguish between acceptable and unacceptable behaviour. Most of our societies also have legal rules that govern behaviour but ethical norms tend to be border and more informal that laws .An action may be legal but unethical Aim of ethical Guidance The aim of the guidelines is to allow the researcher’s or individual to make ethical judgements and decisions to be informed byRead MoreEthics, Morals, And Upbringing996 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the history of ethics there have been many debatable questions asked. Some of these questions of ethics are broad and some are very straight forward. I will state my opinion on the questions asked with either yes or no, and give my reasoning on why I feel that way. My opinion on these topics leads back to my ethics, morals, and upbringing. These topics require people to really think about what is being asked. Most of my opinions on these questions are strictly yes or no, but some areRead MoreThe Moral Code Of Ethics924 Words   |  4 PagesEthics is the study of what is right or what ought to be, depending upon the action of individuals. The reason why the individuals, plays a major part in ethics is because the principles of right and the moral quality of a course of action depends on them. As human being, we are moved mainly to action and not by moral judgments alone. People in society today use a set of principles that have been written, modified, abused and constantly changes throughout the years. In contrary, we must acknowledgeRead MoreThe Foundation Of Morals And Ethics992 Words   |  4 PagesThe foundation of morals and ethics are guides to human behavior stemming from our intrinsic disposition as social creatures. Morals are defined as â€Å"social elements that tend to have greater social value in accordance with standards of right and wrong† and ethics as the â€Å"study of problems which seeks to discover how one ought to act† (PhilosophyLander Edu). As social creatures the fear of rejection or being judged as an outcast is frightening. This drives us to become a conformist avoiding the feelingRead MoreEthics And Moral Reasoning1496 Words   |  6 Pages FOR THE SOLDIER RULES ARE RULES Allen Henry Philosophy 208 : Ethics and moral reasoning Professor Cora Moore May 28th , 2017 INTRODUCTION I will elaborate

Renal system Free Essays

The renal system includes the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. (virtual medical center 2006) It consists of all the organs responsible for the formation and release of urine. The kidneys perform vital functions like getting rid of waste through the excretion of urine. We will write a custom essay sample on Renal system or any similar topic only for you Order Now It regulates the amount of water in the body and allows filtration of sodium and chlorides. (virtual medical center 2006) It maintains the volume and composition of body fluid. (renal system 2006) The kidneys are â€Å"bean-shaped organ located in the lower part o the belly, situated in the posterior wall of the abdomen. (renal system 2006) The left kidney is slightly higher than the right in the abdomen to allow for the liver. (renal system 2006) There are two distinct regions of the kidney; medulla and cortex. The blood supply is taken directly from the aorta thru renal arteries and returned to the inferior vena cava thru renal veins. (renal system 2006) The nephron is the unit of the kidney that acts and responsible for ultrafiltration and excretion of the waste products. (renal system 2006) Urine, the filtered waste material, will be passed down the ureters and collects in the bladder. (renal system) The ureters are tubes lined with smooth muscle. The 25-30cm long tubes help carry the urine through the bladder. The urine will be forced forward with the help of the muscular tissue. (virtual medical center 2006) Then the urethral sphincter at the base of the bladder relaxes, the detrusor contracts, and urine is negated thru the urethra. (renal system 2006) The bladder is located in our pelvis and pyramidal in shaped. It stores the urine and releases it into a tube which extracted the urine out of the body. (virtual medical center 2006) It can normally hold up to 500mls of urine. It has three openings which includes two for the ureters and one for the urethra. (virtual medical center 2006) The main muscle of the bladder is called detrusor that contracts to allow the urine to flow. The nervous control of the bladder that sends signal and tell us that the bladder is full is located in the brain and spinal cord. (virtual medical center 2006) The blood supply of the bladder is from many blood vessels named vesical arteries, obturator, uterine, gluteal and vaginal arteries. (virtual renal system site) The tube that is located from the bladder neck to the top of the vaginal opening is the female urethra whereas, the male urethra is running from the bladder to the tip of the penis. Female urethra is more prone to infections from bacteria than male urethra due to it is shorter in size. (virtual medical center 2006) The blood vessels of the female urethra are the internal pudendal and vaginal arteries. The male urethra is supplied through inferior vesical and middle rectal arteries. (virtual renal system site) An acute renal failure is a disease of the kidneys and a common medical condition that complicates hospital and intensive care unit admissions. (virtual medical center 2006)   It occurs suddenly and initiated by primal causes like dehydration, infection, kidney injuries and chronic use of over the counter pain medications. (virtual medical center 2006) It is often reversible and with no lasting damage. In renal failure, kidneys are not functioning properly or not work at all. Kidneys are unable to filter waste, produce urine and imbalances fluids. The dysfunction of the kidneys results building up of toxins which produces complications. (Gunsch 2006) Renal failure symptoms include edema or the accumulation of fluid distinctive in swelling, decrease in urination, general ill feeling, exhaustion and headaches. (Gunsch 2006)Often, these symptoms were not experience by a person with renal failure. (Gunsch 2006) A person with renal failure can actually lead a normal life. The recovery of the patient with renal failure will be depending on the severity, treatment options and patient’s coping to the rigors of renal failure. But to some cases, dialysis and kidney transplant is needed. (Gunsch 2006) Management of the treatment includes general measures or monitors to prevent complications, treat precipitating cause, and can be treated with medications or may require dialysis.   (wirual medical center 2003) Mary is admitted to the ward with acute renal failure. She is very confused and anxious. She is accompanied by her husband and daughter. She has high blood pressure and a respiratory rate of 30. She also has low urine out put. Mary might have felt self pity and a burden to her family. In Roper et.al’s activities of living model (1918-2004), it stresses patient’s continual assessment, facilitation of normal activities of living and individualized care. It considers and respects the characteristics of a person prior to development. (Roper et.al 1918-2004) The â€Å"model of living† incorporates twelve activities that engaged a person whether sick or well. (Roper et.al 1918-2004) It includes maintaining a safe environment, breathing, communication, mobilizing, eating and drinking, eliminating, personal cleansing and dressing, maintaining body temperature, working and playing, sleeping, expressing sexuality and dying   Ã‚  (Roper et.al 1918-2004) To be able to provide care for Mary without making her feel as a burden or imbecile, she should be given the chance to have her individualism. Although she should be given special care and attention, she should be given a part to the treatment she is undergoing. Like if in case she needs to take her medicine, she should be the one to take it but her family or the attendants should also notify her the appointed time that it should be taken. Communication is highly regarded in this situation as well. Through having conversation with the patient not only shows that you care for her but also makes her feel that she is not disgusting. Mary should also be given assistance in personal cleansing, dressing and maintaining to have a good environment but not to a point that her personality will be injured. Her family should be involved in every activities or treatment that she is undergoing. Mary could have a certain activity every week that will detach her in always thinking about her sickness that makes her confused and anxious. Certain social activities or programs should be conducted or if in case having a new learning experience like training for dressmaking, cosmetology, or the likes that will be useful as well when she’ s already well. Death issues should also be planned so that she will have a pain free and dignified death wherever possible. Spiritual emphasis is also helpful for Mary to cope up with the situation. Lastly, she should also be treated and informed that her sickness could be cured and not malignant. REFERENCES: Answers.com retrieved 13 October 2006, Kidney, Available at: http://www.answers.com/renal%20system Gunsch, J. 2006, What is Renal Failure?, Available at: http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-renal-failure.htm Northern Care Homes Directory 28 August 2000, Hulton Care Nursing Home, Available at: http://www.nchd.co.uk/Middleton/hulton_care.htm Renal System retrieved 13 October 2006, Available at: http://www.le.ac.uk/pathology/teach/va/anatomy/case4/4_1.html Roper, Nancy, et.al 1918-2004, Activities of Living Model, Available at: http://www.nursingtheory.net/gt_alm.html Virtual Medical Center 28 March 2006, Anatomy Physiology of the Renal System, Available at: http://www.virtualrenalcentre.com/anatomy.asp?sid=14 Virtual Medical Center   9 October 2003,   Renal Failure – Acute, Available at: http://www.virtualrenalcentre.com/diseases.asp?did=205 Wikipedia retrieved 13 October 2006, Kidney, Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal How to cite Renal system, Essay examples

Reflective Practice In Teaching

Question: Discuss about a Report on Reflective Practice In Teaching? Answer: Reflective Practice in Teaching Reflective practice deserves special mention in the context of teaching primarily because this practice enhances the teachers teaching and communication skills. Through reflective practice, a teacher can critically examine her practice on a daily basis, and this critical self-study approach contributes a lot in deepening the teachers knowledge (Bernstein, 2013). Through such critical evaluation, (as emphasized by reflective practice) teachers can expand their repertoire of skills, and incorporate new findings into their practice (Bernstein, 2013). And considering all such aspects it must be said that reflective practice forms the backbone of good teaching, and teachers indulging in such practice of self-evaluation are on the right track of professional development. Establishment of professional standards is essential to enhance the quality of work performed by professionals in every sphere of their professional life. These standards are ingrained with ethical principles and specific objectives which serve as guidelines to assist professionals in their jobs. In the sphere of teaching too, the establishment of professional standards is essential. In the field of teaching, professional standards help professional teachers in planning and developing their teaching practices, and in fulfilling their professional roles and responsibilities (California Standards for the Teaching Profession, 2009). These standards are guidelines meant for refining and enhancing the teaching styles of different teachers (California Standards for the Teaching Profession, 2009). Professional standards are objective in nature, and if I can adhere to those standards, I will be able to enhance my teaching abilities and my interpersonal skills (which are essential to properly communicate and interact with my students). Following the teaching standards, I can definitely model a better teaching procedure. My model will include strategies to help myself in initiating self-evaluation through reflective practice, and the model is also going to include processes through which I will be able to improve teaching practice in support of student learning (California Standards for the Teaching Profession, 2009). Moreover, my model will also include strategies that would help me in assessing my students progress and my own professional progress. It is imperative to develop the minimum core in my teaching process because it specifically provides a base on which I can develop my own skills along with my ability to determine the phase in which I will be able to work collaboratively with subject specialists (Addressing literacy, language, numeracy and ICT needs in education and training: Defining the minimum core of teachers' knowledge, understanding and personal skills, 2013). The inclusion of minimum core is essential also to ensure that I am developing into a good speaker, a good communicator, and an active listener who has the ability to overcome cultural barriers which often are put in the way of teaching a classroom ingrained with diversity. Moreover, to enhance my numeracy skills, I must include the minimum core in my teaching process appropriately (Addressing literacy, language, numeracy and ICT needs in education and training: Defining the minimum core of teachers' knowledge, understanding and personal skills, 2013). Mo reover, it is important to incorporate the principles of continuing personal development (CPD) in the process of developing my own skills in literacy, numeracy, and ICT because, CPD, as a concept and as a practice, will help me in developing successful teaching strategies through the integration of functional skills that are relevant to the subject of my specialization (OCT Teaching in the Lifelong Learning, 2008). References Addressing literacy, language, numeracy and ICT needs in education and training: Defining the minimum core of teachers' knowledge, understanding and personal skills. (2013). LSIS, [online] pp.1-58. Available at: https://repository.excellencegateway.org.uk/fedora/objects/import-pdf:93/datastreams/PDF/content [Accessed 18 Jan. 2016]. Bernstein, K. (2013). The Reflective Practice of Teaching. [Blog] THE WHOLE CHILD. Available at: https://www.wholechildeducation.org/blog/the-reflective-practice-of-teaching [Accessed 18 Jan. 2016]. California Standards for the Teaching Profession. (2009). Commission on Teacher Credentialing, [online] pp.1-16. Available at: https://www.ctc.ca.gov/educator-prep/standards/CSTP-2009.pdf [Accessed 18 Jan. 2016]. OCR Teaching in the Lifelong Learning. (2008). [online] Available at: https://www.ocr.org.uk/Images/75548-level-5-unit-30-continuing-personal-and-professional-development.pdf [Accessed 18 Jan. 2016].